黔中气溶胶传输的210 Pb和7 Be示踪:I.周时间尺度的解释

认识环境核素在不同地域空气中的浓度分布和沉降到地表环境的通量对气溶胶污染物全球扩散模型的建立和验证、沉积过程示踪和沉积计年、流域侵蚀示踪参比,以及生态系统受天然辐照的评价等多个领域都是关键的依据.自2001年以来在贵阳观风山等地逐周连续采样,对近地面空气和降水中210Pb和7Be浓度的观测结果表明:①因气象条件变化,近地面空气210mPb和7Be周浓度具有2～6周变幅不等的短周期波动.210Pb空气浓度在年内的总趋势呈现出受气温变化的总体影响和降水的短暂调控;而7Be空气浓度出现连续不断的峰-谷交替.②两核素在近地面空气周浓度的低值同步,210Pb/7Be比率较高(≥0.8),显示出海洋性贫210Pb-7Be气团的入侵影响;它们高的周浓度也同步耦合,比率较低(≤0.7),显示出高层大气富7Be气团的输入.③210Pb和7Be的周降水浓度及水-气分配系数在秋末春季较高,而春末-秋季明显偏低.周降水浓度随同期空气浓度呈增高趋势,其季节分界分别为0.2 Bq/L和1 Bq/L;而Kd值随同期空气浓度增大呈降低趋势.210Pb和7Be的降水沉降主要分布在每年的春夏季;周沉降量随同期降水量呈增大趋势,7Be增大的斜率约为210Pb的3倍;当近于零降水时,它们在降水中的初始比率约为2.5.它们出现高或者较高的周降水沉降都伴随当周或邻周空气浓度的急剧下降;降水中210Pb/7Be比率主要分布在≤0.5,并与空气中210Pb/7Be比率基本同步,显示出两核素被降水清洗的效率基本相近.④2008年冰冻极端天气过程中,210Pb-7Be空气浓度同步低谷并存在气溶胶低浓度与高比活度耦合.⑤观风山7Be周空气浓度显示低纬度、较高海拔地区的预期水平;短周期波动反映强下沉气流和低海拔上升气团影响分别在观风山和瓦里关山的滞后性.     

桂西北一次超级单体风暴过程的分析

本文利用常规观测资料和多普勒天气雷达资料,对2009年4月12日发生在广西西北部的大范围冰雹天气进行分析,得出以下结论：（1）导致冰雹发生的天气系统是高空低涡和低层切变线,冰雹发生前上午百色探空站有中等对流有效位能、上干下湿层结结构、强的深层垂直环境风切变,速度矢图上低层强的顺时针旋转曲率,已经具备强对流潜势发生条件。（2）超级单体右前方的低层反射率因子呈现明显的钩状回波,是超级单体风暴的典型特征之一。反射率因子垂直剖面呈现出典型的有界弱回波区、回波悬垂和回波墙。最大的回波强度出现在沿着回波墙的一个竖直的狭长区域,其值超过65 dBz。相应的中低层径向速度图呈现一个中等强度的中气旋,旋转速度达到22 m·s-;垂直累积液态水含量和密度分别超过70kg·m~（-2）和5 g·m~（-3）。（3）高空低涡正涡度区、高CAPE值、地面辐合线在右江河谷滞留以及特殊地形作用,是多个对流单体沿相似路径移动的主要原因。     

幕阜山西南缘黄柏山稀有金属伟晶岩密集区的发现及意义

幕阜山地区是中国重要的稀有金属矿集区。中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所与湖南省核工业地质局三一一大队在总结区域稀有金属成矿规律的基础上,于2019年度在幕阜山西南缘黄柏山地区新发现稀有金属伟晶岩密集区一处。区内伟晶岩呈现出良好的铌钽锂成矿性,易于开采、分选及运输,具有较高的经济价值。区域伟晶岩具较高的岩浆分异演化程度,且呈现出较为清晰的稀有金属矿化分带,具有良好的成矿潜力。     

Distribution and Variation of Ribonucleic Acid （RNA） and Protein and Its Hydrolysis Products in Lake Sediments

Protein and RNA in lake sediments tend to be decomposed progressively with time and sedimentation depth. Their concentrations tend to decrease starting from the sedimentation depth of 17 cm and that of 19 cm, respectively. However, the products of their decomposition —amino acids and nucleotides show different rules of variation. At the depth from 27 cm to 30 cm the amino acids are most abundant in the pore waters of lake sediments. Such variation tendency seems to be related to the extent to which microbes utilize amino acids and nucleotides. Due to polymerization in the geological processes and the adsorption of protein on minerals and organic polymers, below the sedimentation depth of 17 cm there is still a certain amount of protein in the sediments. With the time passing by, protein has been well preserved in various sediment layers, indicating that its decomposition is relatively limited. The peak values of protein content in the sediments of the two lakes are produced in the surface layers at the depth of 10 cm, implicating that the surface sediments are favorable to the release of protein. The contents of amino acids in the pore waters of lake sediments are closely related to the activities of microbes. Below the depth of 27 cm, the amino acids are significantly accumulated in Lake Aha sediments, probably indicating the weakening of microbial activities. The research project was financially supported jointly by the Ntional Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40173038) and the Guizhou Provincial Foundation (No. 3090) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge-Innovation Foundation (KZCX2-105).     

阴山东段先寒武变质岩的Rb-Sr年代

采自阴山东段先寒武变质岩的全岩样品给出四个等时线年龄。下部集宁群为2497±124Ma;上部乌拉山群为2367±127Ma;上部二道洼群给出两个年龄:2067±39Ma和325±16Ma。据此认为,2.5Ga前发生了麻粒岩化;2.35Ga前发生混合岩化;2.0Ga和0.33Ga前有变质事件叠加。     

扬子鳄的人工养殖与气象条件的关系

对人工养殖扬子鳄的气象条件及扬子鳄的生活习性与天气条件的关系进行了分析。结果表明，温度、湿度是影响幼鳄成活率和生长发育的关键因子；天气则在很大程度上影响扬子鳄的生活习性。指出了扬子鳄生长期及活动期的适宜气象条件，这对提高扬子鳄的人工繁殖率和幼鳄饲养成活率有关积极作用。     

Model Test Study on Ice Induced Vibration of A Compliant Conical Structure

1.Introduction Inthedesignofoceanengineeringstructuresforcoldregioncountries,iceloadsarealwaysthe controlloads,andthedesignofice resistingstructuresisoneoftheimportantdesignaspects.Fornat uralseaice,theflexuralstrengthisalwaysonethirdofthecompressivestrength.Soconicalstructures thatcouldinducethebendingfailureoficesheetsarewidelyusedinthedesignsofice resistingstruc tures.Forexample,theplatformKullukintheBeaufortSeaisaninvertedconicalstructure,andan upward downwardbendingconeisusedonplatformJ…     

δ13C-δ18O Covariance: An Effective Indicator of Hydrological Closure for Lakes?

The correlation between the δ^13C and δ^13C-δ^18O in primary carbonates is affected by several factors such as hydrological balance, total CO2 concentrations, climatic condition and lake productivity. The influence of these factors on the δ^13C-δ^18O correlation may be different on different time scales. In this paper, two different-type lakes in southwestern China, Lake Erhai and Lake Chenghai, are selected to investigate the influence of climatic pattern on the δ^13C-δ^18O correlation and to evaluate the reliability of the δ^13C-δ^18O covariance as an indicator of hydrological closure. The results show that there exists good correlation between the δ^13C and δ^18O in Lake Erhai （overflowing open lake） and in Lake Chenghai （closed lake）. This suggests that the δ^13C-δ^18O covariance may be not an effective indicator of hydrological closure for lakes, especially on short time scales. On the one hand, a hydrologically open lake may display covariant δ^13C and δ^18O as a result of climatic influence. The particular alternate warm-dry and cold-wet climatic pattern in southwestern China may be the principal cause of the δ^13C-δ^18O covariance in Lake Erhai and Lake Chenghai. On the other hand, a hydrologically closed lake unnecessarily displays covariant trends between δ^13C and δ^18O because of the buffering effect of high CO2 concentration on the δ^13C shift in hyper-alkaline lakes. We should be prudent when we use the covariance between δ^13C and δ^18O to judge the hydrological closure of lake.     

武汉某深基坑锚式连锁灌注排桩变形的有限元分析

以武汉某深基坑为例,采用有限单元数值模拟方法,研究基坑开挖深度,锚杆预应力,桩体厚度,桩体嵌入深度的变化与其锚式连锁灌注排桩支护结构水平变形位移的关系。     

川中红色砂泥岩岩石力学特性研究

对川中白垩系、侏罗系的泥岩、砂岩、泥质粉砂岩的抗压强度进行统计分析 ,得出红层岩石作为地基时抗压强度的范围值供设计参考 ,对泥岩、砂岩的其他力学性质进行了评价。